1. Which device converts mechanical energy to electrical energy?
- a) Motor
- b) Generator ✅
- c) Transformer
- d) Battery
Explanation: Generators convert mechanical energy (e.g., from turbines) into electrical energy.
2. What is the dimensional formula of pressure?
- a) [MLT⁻²]
- b) [ML⁻¹T⁻²] ✅
- c) [ML²T⁻²]
- d) [M⁰L⁰T⁰]
Explanation: Pressure = Force/Area = [MLT⁻²]/[L²] = [ML⁻¹T⁻²].
3. What is the primary source of energy on Earth?
- a) Nuclear
- b) Solar ✅
- c) Geothermal
- d) Fossil Fuels
Explanation: Solar energy drives weather, photosynthesis, and most renewable energy systems.
4. What is the formula for potential energy?
- a) mgh ✅
- b) ½ mv²
- c) F × d
- d) P × t
Explanation: Potential energy (PE) = mass × gravity × height.
5. What is the formula for kinetic energy?
- a) mgh
- b) ½ mv² ✅
- c) F × d
- d) P × t
Explanation: Kinetic energy (KE) = ½ × mass × velocity².
6. What is inertia?
- a) Force
- b) Energy
- c) Tendency to resist changes in motion ✅
- d) Momentum
Explanation: Inertia is an object’s resistance to changes in its motion (Newton’s First Law).
7. What does Boyle’s Law state?
- a) P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ ✅
- b) V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
- c) P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
- d) PV = nRT
Explanation: Boyle’s Law states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature.
8. What does Charles’s Law state?
- a) P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
- b) V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ ✅
- c) P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
- d) PV = nRT
Explanation: Charles’s Law says volume and temperature are directly proportional at constant pressure.
9. What is wavelength?
- a) Distance between two consecutive peaks
- b) Distance between two consecutive troughs
- c) Both a and b ✅
- d) None
Explanation: Wavelength is the distance between two identical points in a wave (peaks or troughs).
10. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth’s surface?
- a) 9.8 m/s² ✅
- b) 10 m/s²
- c) 8.9 m/s²
- d) 11 m/s²
Explanation: Earth’s gravitational acceleration averages 9.8 m/s².
11. What is the unit of force?
- a) Newton ✅
- b) Joule
- c) Watt
- d) Pascal
Explanation: The SI unit of force is the Newton (N).
12. What is the formula for acceleration?
- a) a = v / t
- b) a = Δv / Δt ✅
- c) a = F / m
- d) a = v × t
Explanation: Acceleration = change in velocity (Δv) / time (Δt).
13. What is Newton’s Second Law?
- a) F = ma ✅
- b) F = mv
- c) F = m / a
- d) F = a / m
Explanation: Force = mass × acceleration defines Newton’s Second Law.
14. What is the CGS unit of force?
- a) Newton
- b) Dyne ✅
- c) Pound
- d) Kilogram
Explanation: The CGS unit of force is the dyne (1 N = 10⁵ dyne).
15. What is 1 Newton equal to?
- a) 10⁵ dyne ✅
- b) 10³ dyne
- c) 10² dyne
- d) 10 dyne
Explanation: 1 Newton = 100,000 dynes (10⁵ dyne).
HITMS Entry Test 2025: Essential Physics MCQs (Units & Constants)
Physics Units & Constants MCQs
16. What is the unit of resistance?
- a) Ohm ✅
- b) Ampere
- c) Volt
- d) Watt
Explanation: Resistance is measured in Ohms (Ω), named after Georg Ohm.
17. What is the unit of power?
- a) Watt ✅
- b) Joule
- c) Ampere
- d) Volt
Explanation: Power is measured in Watts (W), where 1 W = 1 Joule/second.
18. Which process occurs at constant temperature?
- a) Adiabatic
- b) Isothermal ✅
- c) Isobaric
- d) Isochoric
Explanation: An isothermal process maintains constant temperature, while pressure and volume may change.
19. What is Poise a unit of?
- a) Viscosity ✅
- b) Density
- c) Pressure
- d) Surface Tension
Explanation: Poise (P) measures dynamic viscosity (1 P = 0.1 Pa·s).
20. What is the value of the gravitational constant (G)?
- a) 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg² ✅
- b) 6.674 × 10⁻¹⁰ N·m²/kg²
- c) 9.8 m/s²
- d) 10 m/s²
Explanation: The gravitational constant (G) is 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg², crucial in Newton’s Law of Gravitation.